Human Milk Oligosacchxarides Are a Very Essential and Interesting Constituent of Human-Made Milk

 

Human Milk Oligosaccharides
Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a class of sugars found in breast milk. They are composed of five basic units: the amino sugar GlcNAc, the acid monosaccharide sialic acid, and three monosaccharides. They can have many different structures and sequences and are present in varying concentrations. More research is needed to understand exactly how these sugars work in the body. In regions such as the United States, the high incidence of birth rate has increased research and developments related to human milk oligosaccharides. For instance, according to the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, over 3.8 million babies are born each year in the United States.

The Global Human Milk Oligosaccharides Market was valued at US$ 152.41 Mn in 2021 and is forecast to reach a value of US$ 612.0 Mn by 2030 at a CAGR of 19.65% between 2021 and 2030.

Human milk is the gold standard for infant nutrition, and the nutritional value of this milk is attributed to its high content of Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). These sugars are not digested by infants, but they have important roles in the digestive tract. They support the growth of beneficial bacteria and protect against pathogens. By consuming a diet rich in HMOs, infants receive a wide range of benefits, including improved immune function and a reduced risk of disease.

Human milk oligosaccharides contain bioactive glycans that interact directly with host cells. HMOs have multiple functions and are highly regulated by genetics. Two of the most abundant HMOs found in human milk are fucosyllactose and 2'-fucosyllactose. These human milk oligosaccharides are found in the most concentrated quantities in breast milk and are present in some commercial infant formulas. Recent advances have revealed that human milk oligosaccharides may improve gut health in newborns. They also reduce the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, a potentially fatal gastrointestinal disease in infants who are underweight. Clinical studies of HMOs have also shown that they can increase bifidobacteria in the infant's large intestine.

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