CAR T Cell Therapy Is Become Useful In Clinical Trials For Several Types Of Blood Cancers
Using a new type of
immunotherapy, scientists can modify a patient's T cells to attack and kill
cancer cells. These specialized T cells are called CAR T cells. These cells can
bind to cancer cells with an antigen on the surface, causing them to die. The
cells are infused into a patient's bloodstream.
In order to prepare the body for
CAR T cell infusion, patients may receive a short course of chemotherapy. This
treatment creates a space in the immune system for the modified T cells to
grow. It also weakens the immune system and lowers the number of immune cells.
The Global
CAR-T Cell Therapy Market is estimated
to be valued at US$ 1,085.0 million in 2021 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 24.5% during the forecast
period (2021-2028).
The process of receiving CAR
T cell therapy is similar to receiving a blood transfusion. Patients
are injected with the modified T cells through a central line. The infusion
usually lasts less than an hour. CAR T cells contain a protein called a
receptor that transmits signals into a cell. The receptor helps T cells
identify cancer cells. This protein is also present in healthy cells in the
body. In addition to attacking cancer cells, CAR T cells can also help to kill
rapidly dividing cancerous B cells. This can help to improve the outcome of a
patient's cancer treatment.
Some patients with lymphoma have
received the treatment, and long-term remissions have been reported. A major
barrier to CAR
T cell therapy is tumor heterogeneity or the differences between the
cancer cells in a patient's body. These differences can make it difficult for
the CAR T cells to recognize the cancer cells. It's also difficult to find a
tumor that has enough antigens to allow the CAR T cells to attach. CAR
T cell therapy has been approved by the Scottish Medicines Consortium
in 2019. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in
England has approved the treatment for some patients with lymphoma.
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