Nonwoven Materials; Porous, Flexible Products Made Up of One or More Fiber Layers
Nonwoven materials are structures bonded together by
interweaving filaments or fiber chemically, mechanically, or thermally.
Materials, such as material fabrics, are broadly defined as sheet or web
structures bonded together by entangling fiber or filaments thermally,
mechanically, or chemically. Nonwoven materials
can be used as filtration material, household fabric, and can also be used in
personal care and hygiene products. It
is manufactured by using nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene
terephthalate, and other materials.
Nonwoven
materials are produced from
synthetic fibers and are used in a variety of applications, including household
items, personal care products, medical products, and more. They are also used
in industrial applications, such as filtration and insulating materials. In the
past, the production and use of nonwovens were limited to the textile/apparel
industries. However, advances in technology have led to significant
improvements in fabric properties. Today, a range of nonwoven
materials are available, allowing manufacturers to tailor their product
for specific purposes.
According to the European Trade Association for the
Nonwovens Industry, the overall production of nonwovens in Europe grew by
around 1.3% in 2018 to reach around 2,760,000 tons. Moreover, the production of nonwovens in Greater
Europe grew by 7.2% in 2020 to reach 3,075,615 tons (and 85.9 billion square
meters) with a total estimated turnover of € 9,555 million. The total output of
the 27 European Union countries is now over 2.15 million tons. Nonwoven fabric
ranks third in the manufacture of textile surface materials after woven and
knitted fabrics.
Moreover, nonwoven fabrics offer several advantages
over woven and knitted fabrics, such as can be produced with considerable
variations in stiffness, mass, elasticity, thickness, and voluminosity, it is
relatively cheaper to manufacture, and can be designed with specifically
targeted properties. Moreover, nonwoven fabrics
are used for added strength, to cover or finish pieces of furniture, for
insulation, for filtration, and much more. These materials are also used to
manufacture automobile accessories. Thus, there is an increase in demand for
such materials around the world.
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