Alkaline Proteases Are Widely Used In Detergent Industry for Detergent Additives, Peptide Synthesis and Leather Processing
Microbial proteases are categorized into several categories, depending on their pH range and active site groups (metallo-, aspartic-, cysteine- or sulphydryl-, or serine-type). They have been used for various applications such as bioremediation of soils, sewage treatment, food production, animal feed production, enzyme-aided polymerization of polyurethane and phenolics, and textile and fiber processing.
Microbial
alkaline proteases are enzymes active in a neutral to alkaline pH range. They
are mainly found in Bacillus bacteria and other gram-negative bacteria such as
Pseudomonas17, Xanthomonas18, and Vibrio19. They are also found in fungi. According
to Coherent Market Insights the Alkaline
Proteases Market Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and
Opportunity Analysis, 2022-2028.
Proteases
are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the peptide bonds between proteins. They
are a vital component of detergent production and have several industrial
applications such as food, pharmaceutical, and leather processing. They are also
used in bioremediation to control environmental pollution. Alkaline Proteases
have a high demand in the detergent industry for detergent additives, peptide
synthesis, and leather processing. They are also useful in a variety of other
industries including textile, photography, silk degumming, and waste management.
They
can be isolated from a wide variety of microorganisms, especially those that
are capable of growing at low temperatures. However, their optimum temperature
requirements vary widely among microorganisms and must be carefully controlled
during culture development to achieve maximum enzyme production.
Besides
temperature, other important parameters that must be controlled during
cultivation include medium pH, protein concentration, metal requirement and
reactivity. The optimum pH for enzyme production is generally in the range of
6.5-8.0. Moreover, metal ions such as Hg2+ or Pb2+ can inhibit the activity of
these enzymes by affecting their organic ligand binding, thereby reducing their
thermotolerance. The optimum temperature for alkaline protease production by
different microorganisms is varied significantly and must be closely monitored
during culture development. Ideally, the temperature should be kept above 30 deg C to ensure maximum enzyme production. Recently in January 2020, Specialists
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