Free Space Optics Communication; Often Used As Alternative or Complement to Radio Frequency Communication

 

Free Space Optics Communication
Free Space Optics Communication

Free space optical communication is a communication technology that uses the propagation of light in free space to transmit data wirelessly for telecommunications or computer networking. It is also known as Optical Wireless or Free Space Photonics, which refers to the transmission of modulated visible or infrared beams via atmosphere to obtain optical communications. The unit at one location transmits a beam of focused light to the unit at the receiving location where the light beam is transferred from a high sensitivity receiver to an optical fibre.

According to Coherent Market Insights the Free Space Optics Communication Market Global Industry Insights, Trends, Outlook, and Opportunity Analysis, 2022-2028

Free Space Optics (FSO) is an optical communication technology in which data is transmitted by propagation of light in free space allowing optical connectivity. There is no requirement of the optical fiber cable. FSO lasercom offers substantial advantages over conventional RF (radio frequency) wireless communications technology such as much higher bandwidth (data rates), low power requirements, much smaller packaging to make them portable, and low probability of intercept for higher security, among others.

The different between fiber communication and free space communication is free space optics uses an energy beam through free space, while fiber optics uses an energy beam guided through optical cable. Free space optic communications provide flexible, easy to install, and license-free line-of-sight wireless communications links. The technology is used in deep-space probes, satellite links, aircraft communication, and for communication in UAVs and remote areas. The aerospace and defense sector use this secure, undetectable system with low error rate.

Free space optical communication has gained significant importance in terrestrial applications and wireless communication in recent years. FSO communication is a key wireless and high-bandwidth technology for high speed large-capacity terrestrial & aerospace communications, which is often used as alternative or complement to radio frequency communication. ERNET India is working on a Pilot R&D (research and development) to provide high speed network connectivity through Free Space Optical Communication Technology.

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